Wednesday 17 December 2014

War Movie Month: Saving Private Ryan (1998)

Saving Private Ryan, one of several Spielberg war films that we'll examine this month, has been heralded for its incredibly realistic portrayal of combat, and for its harrowing performances from cast members, including of course, Tom Hanks. However it has also come under the scrutiny of veterans and filmmakers alike. It's a film that can be quite unnerving to watch, but ultimately can stand up against some of the greatest war movies made thus far.

After a present-day prelude, we are taken back to June 6th 1944, the D-Day invasion on Omaha Beach. Captain John H. Miller (Tom Hanks) leads the 2nd Ranger Battalion up the beach and toward German defences as severe carnage ensues around them. Several days later, after the situation is more controlled, Miller learns that his company is to find Private James Ryan (Matt Damon), a missing-in-action soldier and the last remaining of four brothers fighting in the war. 

Saving Private Ryan is well known for its realistic representation of combat conditions, especially in the opening scene of the landing on Omaha Beach. Just as Oliver Stone aimed to represent his experiences in Vietnam in Platoon, so did Spielberg strive for accuracy in his representation of the landings. The 27 minute sequence cost millions to make and wasn't even storyboarded, with Spielberg preferring to move the camera freely to capture the action. The horrific details of seasickness, machine-gunfire, bloody water and limbs being torn off make for some difficult viewing, with some WWII veterans regarding it as the most realistic representation of the events that they have ever seen. The power of the film rests in this realism, and the relatable characters  that are placed within this insane situation, on a controversial mission that will cost several lives just to save one. If I have one criticism, it's that at times, it becomes overly patriotic to the point that it can come across as less about the men using their allegiance to grapple with the situation, and more as a justification for their actions.


Whilst receiving critical acclaim both on release, and since, Saving Private Ryan has also had it's critics, one of which being the aforementioned filmmaker and veteran, Oliver Stone, who believed the film's patriotic and violent representation of WWII may have inadvertently fuelled America's love of war. Although Brian De Palma (Scarface) suggests otherwise, stating that the level of violence is Spielberg "trying to show something about the brutality of what happened". Be that as it may, it's an interesting point about the influence of a film on society. Personally, I have always found the battle scenes so intense that they put the horror and significance of such a conflict into perspective.

Saving Private Ryan has a unique, slightly-soft and desaturated look, with a heavy amount of film grain, reminiscent of WWII-era newsreels. Many of the battle scenes use a slight 'shaky-cam' effect which is never particularly disorientating but helps to place the audience in the action. Janusz Kamiński again collaborated with Spielberg as DP on the film, after he utilised some quite stunning cinematography in Schindler's List (which we'll look at later in the month).  Kamiński won Best Cinematography for Saving Private Ryan. Working together with the images is a screaming sound stage which adds to the intensity of the battles. Bullets flying left, right and centre, shells whistling over-head, it can be horrifically unnerving and rightfully earned the film the Academy Award for Best Sound Design.

The fury of the battle scenes is put into perspective by the poignant performances from the cast. Hanks is magnificent at portraying characters that are inherently human, and as Miller, he conveys the challenging and conflicting nature of leadership. The battalion is full of intriguing characters but some standouts include the loyal Technical Sergeant Horvath (Tom Sizemore) and the sharpshooter Private Jackson (Barry Pepper), who frequently reads verses from the bible whilst pointing his sights at the enemy, a perfect representation of the conflicting nature of warfare.

Saving Private Ryan is a strong war film that uses realism to confront the horrific nature of warfare. Its tale of sacrifice and heroism may be overshadowed by an overly-patriotic message but the chilling scenes and heartbreaking performances elevate it to another level. 

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